Insights

Plain answers to the questions fund managers actually ask.

Practical guidance on forming and structuring funds, raising capital, and deploying it — U.S. and cross-border. Educational only, never advice.

Fund economics

Carried interest, hurdle rates & the distribution waterfall

How managers get paid — the preferred return, the catch-up, and the 80/20 split — with a worked example you can follow dollar by dollar.

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Cross-border

Domestic fund, offshore investors: when you need a master-feeder

What changes the moment a foreign or tax-exempt investor wants in — and how the master-feeder structure solves it.

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Raising capital

506(b) vs 506(c): which exemption should your fund use?

Two flavors of Regulation D, two very different fundraising playbooks. The advertising and verification rules that decide it.

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Fund structure

3(c)(1) vs 3(c)(7): the exemption that caps your investors

The Investment Company Act choice that quietly limits who, and how many, can invest — and why it matters for hedge funds.

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Cross-border

FIRPTA: how foreign investors are taxed on U.S. real estate

The tax regime that shapes every cross-border real estate fund — and how blocker structures manage it.

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Fund formation

What goes in a fund PPM (and the sections investors read)

The central disclosure document of your fund, section by section — and why the risk factors matter most.

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Cross-border

Cayman vs BVI: choosing your offshore fund domicile

The institutional default versus the emerging-manager favorite — how to match the domicile to your money.

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Fund formation

What it actually costs to launch your first fund

A clear-eyed breakdown of the real cost buckets — legal, offshore, service providers, and registration.

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